Launi, have I mentioned I love your thought-inducing questions? Anyway... As someone has already stated, a dog can have the *desire* to go after a ball, but not be crazy and *have* to go get the ball (or rabbit/bird/cat/other dog). For instance, my dog has an extremely high, HIGH, prey drive. Although he can easily ignore a ball if I say "leave it", I would NEVER chance him leaving a cat alone if it was right there in front of him. A stupid cat walking right in front of him? Are you kidding? He wouldn't miss out on that sort of opportunity. Needless to say, he would never be a good working dog without using harsher methods than I use (as you know, I'm not fond of electric collars or sort of prong/choke collar, and the only time I ever need to get physical is if he's completely wound up, which would be my fault for allowing him to get so high-strung in the first place) Looking at his genetics, I would definitely assume that his drive cannot be *trained* out of him completely. But, as I've said before, he's good at ignoring rabbits, other dogs, squirrels, tennis balls, food... for whatever reason, he seems to ignore me completely if there's a cat. Hence why I'm very vigilant when we're on walks and I make sure he never comes across a cat. Now, I'm a very big on the idea that you can train a dog that was genetically designed to attack and kill, to then ignore them. For instance, dogs who were bred for fighting in the pits. If you have the time, money, and resources, it's possible. That being said, I'm not ignorant enough to believe that you could ever trust them alone. Any dog that was raised to fight should never be in a household with other pets or small children, even if they've gone through time-consuming training. That's just putting too much pressure on both the humans and the dog. Why do I always get off-track? Argh... What I'm basically saying is, no, genetic drive cannot be suppressed forever, 100%. Maybe you can train the dog 80%, 90%, 95%, but if it's in the dog's DNA, you can't CHANGE it, you can only try to show the dog that the behavior is undesirable. And, again using fighting dogs as example, not all of them can be re-trained. Some of them truly are lost causes, and there's just no chance in hell, heaven, earth, whatever you wanna believe in, that the dog will ever be able to ignore something it wants. Like Lobo and cats. I've accepted that, and so, I just keep him away from cats. I think it would be possible to train the dog to fetch again, obviously by rewarding any time the dog went out to get the ball/toy and brought it back again. That would tell the dog that the behavior is desirable, so he/she would be more likely to do it again. But, he may/may not be happy about it. xo VIE xo